An analysis of current available sampling and monitoring protocols related to radioactivity has been undertaken. The international best practice is outlined in order to better understand the available sampling as well as monitoring protocols related to radioactivity. Thereafter, the most relevant South African groundwater sampling and monitoring protocols are examined for their application to the subject matter. This piece of work highlights the need for more sampling and monitoring protocols related to fractured rock media in general and radioactivity in fractured rock media in particular.